Basic Photography

Some Basic Photography concepts you should remember must before capturing a photo. Basic photography concepts are if I say are Exposure, Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO Speed, etc. Photography is all about light. How much light will reaches the camera sensor, how much exposure will it be, all must be controlled for your camera, to let the camera see?

All of these concepts are we get in the tools section of a camera. Framing, aperture, ISO, shutter speed controlling must be known by a photo taker for a good balance in his photo work. With much light, your photo will be too light, On the other hand, with too little light, your photo will be too dark. 

I want to take control of your camera before getting the final photograph. I hope to do the same for the readers of this tutorial. I want you to take control of your camera. For this, it’s essential to learn and understand the 3 most important components. These three components are aperture, shutter speed, and ISO, and these three components are called “The Exposure Triangle”. 

After this article ends, you get the basics of The Exposure Triangle. The Exposure Triangle affects the final photograph and you deliver of capture quality dependent on them. The detailed knowledge you will get in a separate section I’ll publish.

Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO

What is Aperture?

When you capture a photo, you hit the shutter release button of the camera. At that moment, a hole opens up which allows your cameras image sensor to catch the sense of the scene capturing. The degree of the hole open up is called Aperture. The size of the hole depends on your setting. Aperture set impacts the size of that hole basically. 

• More light that gets in when the hole is larger
• Less light that gets in when the hole is smaller

Aperture is measured in ‘f-stops’.
For example

• f/2.8
• f/4,
• f/5.6
• f/8
• f/22

At some photography learning institution, it’s seen f-stops referred to as f/numbers. 

When one aperture f-stop goes to the next doubles or halves, the size of the amount of opening in lens depends and the amount of light getting through also depends. 

Remember, a change in shutter speed from one stop to the next doubles or halves the amount of light gets in also. This means when you increase one and decrease the other one at the same time. As a result, the same amount of light gets in. New photographers confused for one thing that is large apertures where lots of light gets through in are given f/stop smaller numbers and vice versa. 

For instance, f/2.8 is a much larger aperture than f/22. It seems the wrong way when you first hear it but that is okay, you can believe it.

Aperture and Depth of Field (DOF) have an important correlation. Depth of Field (DOF) means the amount of shot will be in focus in the camera.

A number of results of changing the aperture of shots want to keep in, mind as you consider your setting at that time. The most noticeable factor that will be the depth of field (DOF) that your shot will have.

 

• Large depth of field- means most of the image will be in focus whether the scene is close to your camera or far away. 
• Small (Shallow) depth of field- means only part of the image will be in focus and the rest will remain a blur.

For instance, the landscape shot above has an aperture of f/22 and the result is that both the building in the background and the people in the foreground will be in focus.

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What is shutter speed?

The shutter speed is the length of time for opening in the lens that remains open. The reason is to let the light into the camera and also onto the sensor. The shutter speed can be measured as

• As fast as 1/10,000 of a second or
• As slow as several minutes

The Photograph definitely affected by the choice of shutter speed. Both fast and slow shutter speed can be used to great creative effect in the photograph. In landscape photography, The shutter speed provides a great way to experiment with capturing blur with motion creatives. This is maybe when you are capturing with moving water.

For instance, when you choose Fast shutter speeds, the effect of freezing motion in the scene you get. Conversely, blur motion in a scene when you choose slow shutter speeds.

What is ISO?

The ISO refers to the sensitivity in the digital sensor of the camera to the light. When it is lower than the ISO number, the camera sensor is less sensitive to light. The sensitivity of your camera sensor to light increases with a higher ISO number.

Most cameras have ISOs ranging from about 50 or 100. ISO may right up to 16,000 ISO or higher according to your setting or your device capability.

With the increasing level of the ISO value, your camera sensor becomes more sensitive to light. As a result, you can achieve higher shutter speeds. In the lower light environment, it can be extremely useful.

It may have happened when shooting in low light without a tripod. At 100 ISO, the shutter speeds that are too slow to handhold without camera shake. Your shutter speed is now fast enough to handhold by increasing the ISO to 800 ISO.

Be aware of using ISO, but it doesn’t mean that you should not increase your ISO when the need arises. For Instance, ISO 3200 above is quite extreme. Most of the newer cameras worldwide handle higher ISOs very well. These cameras retain high image quality also so don’t worry about that. When I capture the photos, I prefer to increase my ISO. The reason is that to avoid camera shake even it means a little graininess.

Conclusion

Basic Photography terms "The Exposure Triangle" which are Aperture, Shutter, ISO, and other essentials are described in this article which definitely will increase on clicking photos. If you can catch these components and use them in the right way, then you are an expert clicker.